Circle of Nicolaes Berchem (1620, Haarlem - 1683, Amsterdam)
Scene with Livestock
Oil on canvas, 30 x 39 cm – with frame 56 X 65 cm
In this painting, a Scene with Livestock at sunset reveals the hand of a painter who was directly familiar with the works and models of Nicolaes Berchem (1620, Haarlem - 1683, Amsterdam), one of the most renowned painters of Italian landscapes.
Son of the still life painter Pieter Claesz (1598-1661), he was introduced to the art world by his father, who taught him the first rudiments of painting. It is unknown exactly why he adopted the surname Berchem instead of Claesz, perhaps due to his father's birthplace. According to recent studies, the young Nicolaes Pietersz Berchem continued his apprenticeship under the guidance of the landscape painter Jan van Goyen (1596-1656) and Claes Cornelisz Moeyaert (1590-1655), representing the second generation of Dutch Italianates.
No trip of Berchem is well documented, but, according to many sources, he may have traveled with his cousin Jan Baptist Weenix (1621-1663), with whom he also shared experience in Moeyaert's workshop in a period prior to 1642, when his presence in the Guild of St. Luke in Haarlem is documented.
He stayed (1642 and 1653) in Rome twice, in 1642 and 1653; here he falls in love with the Roman countryside, which becomes the main inspiration for his landscapes, drawing themes for his successful landscapes from the Roman countryside. He visited Westphalia together with Jacob van Ruisdaele and then returned to Amsterdam where he worked for Jan de Visscher.
In his early years, Berchem's paintings were greatly influenced by the style of the master Claes Cornelisz Moeyaert and by biblical and mythological figures with powerful foregrounds, three-dimensional figures in landscapes immersed in clear and warm light; later, during his full artistic maturity, he preferred a production mostly focused on port views, hunts, ruins in Latin and Roman landscapes, battles, and of course pastoral landscapes as in the work under examination. His style is strongly influenced by his Italian stays and is characterized by a definition of ideal rural environments, hilly or mountainous depending on the case, enriched by human and animal figures (he was also an engraver and his studies on animals were of considerable importance).
The painting under examination evokes the compositions of the Dutch artist, describing a landscape of Arcadian taste characterized by a delicate, lyrical atmosphere with delicate but at the same time lively and present tones. In the rich and balanced composition, the landscape is rendered with great attention to detail and light, while the slight blurring and attenuation of colors in the distance creates a sense of delicate depth. The warm tones and the refined passages of tone, immersed in this particular light, give the work an atmosphere in which time seems to have stopped.
In relation to this painting, see the pastoral scenes kept at the National Gallery in London, Vienna, and the Getty Museum.
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